东北地区某流域河流污染指示菌调查

Investigation of Pollution Indicator Bacteria in Rivers of Northeast China

目的调查东北某流域河流不同季节细菌学指标,对检测断面的污染状况进行细菌学评价,分析总大肠菌群与大肠埃希菌的关系。方法于2010年秋季、冬季,分别对东北某流域六条主要河流的23个断面进行采样;用平皿计数法检测菌落总数,用膜过滤法检测总大肠菌群和大肠埃希菌。菌落总数采用污水生物系统法进行评价,总大肠菌群采用CJ 3020—1993《生活饮用水水源水质标准》进行评价,大肠埃希菌采用美国《水质质量标准》进行评价。结果秋季,检测断面有机物为轻-中度污染,总大肠菌群含量均超标,大肠埃希菌含量不符合率为95.7%(22/23),总大肠菌群与大肠埃希菌含量呈正相关(P<0.01)。冬季,检测断面有机物为轻度污染,总大肠菌群含量超标率为78.3%(18/23),大肠埃希菌含量不符合率为56.5%(13/23),总大肠菌群与大肠埃希菌呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论该流域六条河流检测断面均不同程度地受到有机物和粪便的污染。

Objective To investigate the bacteriological indicators of rivers in northeast China in different seasons and to know the relationship between total coliforms and E.coli. Methods In autumn, 2010, six rivers in northeast China were chosen and 23 water samples were collected; In winter, 23 water samples were collected in the same place, and the colony count with plate count, total coliforms and E.coli were tested with membrane filtration. Total coliforms was evaluated according to Water Quality Standard for Drinking Water Sources CJ3020-1993. E.coli was evaluated according to Quality Criteria for Water rulled by USEPA. Results In autumn, the organic pollution was at slight-moderate level, the rate of disqualification of total coliforms and E.coli was 100% and 95.7% of respectively. Total coliforms and E.coli presented a positive correlation. In winter,the degree of organic pollution was slight; the rate of disqualification of total coliforms and E.coli was 78.3% and 56.5% respectively and a positive correlation was also observed between total coliforms and E.coli. Conclusion Organic and fecal contamination has been seen in all of the six investigated rivers.