论哈特的法律内在观点

On Hart＇s Internal Point of View on the Law

本文从内在观点的诠释性出发,介绍了哈特理论的一些重要评论家对内在观点与实证主义的描述性目标之间的矛盾的批评。本文认为,哈特的内在观点必须结合哈特独特的二元规则体系来理解：内在观点是一种批判反思性观点,内在观点的主体是官员,客体是次要规则,内在观点的接受是一种社会事实。如此辨明的内在观点足以消解众多批评的声音。不过,德沃金通过挑战哈特的规则体系法律观,迫使哈特转而采取包容性实证主义的立场。

By explaining the internal point of view,this paper introduces some criticizes on the conflicts between Harts internal point of view and the descriptive goal of positivism.The author purposes that we need to understand Hart＇s internal point of view together with Hart＇s unique dualism rule system：the internal point of view is based on critical thinking,the subject is governmental officials,the object is sub-rule,and the accept of internal point of view is a kind of social fact.From this point of view,a lot of criticizes will be eliminated.However,Dworkin forces Hart to take the stand of inclusive positivism by challenging Hart＇s legal view of regulation system.