金沙江大雪滩群河床演变与滩险碍航特性

River channel process and navigation hindering property of the Daxuetan shoals in Jinsha River

通过实测资料和河工模型试验,分析研究了由碛首滩、大雪滩、捞财坝滩和小雪滩组成的大雪滩群的水沙运动特性及其河床演变规律,揭示了该滩群成因和碍航特性.分析与试验研究指出,大雪滩群集中体现了浅、弯、急、险等碍航特征且水流条件复杂.针对大雪滩群上段碛首滩、大雪滩和捞财坝滩枯水期碍航特点,以及下段小雪滩中洪水期碍航特点,分别提出前者以满足航道尺寸为主,后者以改善流态为主的不同整治措施.该成果将为深入研究大雪滩群航道整治奠定坚实基础,为今后治理类似滩群提供有益的借鉴参考.

The Daxuetan shoals in the Jingsha River are the key controlling river reach for increasing the discharge capacity of waterway from Shuifu to Yinbin in the Changjiang River.It is adjacent to the confluence of the Jinsha River and the Minjiang River.Based on the measured data and the physical model tests,this paper analyzes the features of flow and river channel process,reveals the causes and navigation hindering property of every shoal,and points out that the Daxuetan shoals,consisting of Qishoutan shoal,Daxuetan shoal,Laocaibatan shoal and Xiaoxuetan shoal,have some navigation hindering properties such as the shallow,curved,rapid and dangerous.The upper reach of the Daxuetan shoals consists of Qishoutan,Daxuetan and Laocaibatan shoals,and obstructs the waterway in the dry season,and the regulation measures should be taken to increase the scale of the waterway.The following reach consists of Xiaoxuetan shoal and obstructs the waterway in the neutral and flood season,and the regulation measures are to improve the flow of the waterway.The research results provide a solid foundation for increasing the discharge capacity of the Jingsha River waterway and for working out the plans for channel regulation of the Daxuetan shoals.The paper gives a sound basis for futher research on similar shoals.