电站泄流对坝下航道影响研究进展

Progress in studies of hydropower station discharge influence on the downstream navigation channel

水电枢纽建设改善了库区航运条件,但电站泄流会对坝下游航道产生影响,需要对此研究以实现水电开发与航运建设的协调发展.在分析大量研究文献与资料的基础上,总结了电站下游流量、泥沙、水位在电站建设前后变化与沿程变化的特性,归纳了电站泄流对坝下游设计最低通航水位、通航水流条件(沿程流速、流向与比降)、河床演变的影响,以及提出了应对策略与措施等研究成果,最后指出了有待进一步研究的问题,以期推动本领域研究的深入开展.

Construction of a hydropower station improves the navigable conditions in the reservoir,while the downstream channel is affected by the hydropower station discharge,so it is necessary to study the impact of dam on downstream channel for the coordination between the hydropower construction and the development of shipping.Based on the analysis of numerous literature and data,this paper summarizes the research results of the following three aspects：（1） the changes of the power station′s downstream flow,sediment and water level before and after the power station construction and the changing characteristics along the river;（2）the impact of the power station discharge on the design lowest navigable water level of the dam′s downstream,navigation flow conditions（the velocity along the river,flow direction and gradient）and fluvial process;（3）the measures to deal with the power station discharge.The problems requiring in-depth studies are also given in order to promote further researches in this field.