有限元技术在基于能量平衡的机床动态设计中的应用

APPLICATION OF FINITE ELEMENT TECHNIQUE IN MACHINE DYNAMIC DESIGN BASED ON ENERGY BALANCE

结构动态系统的能量平衡是实现机床结构动态设计的依据之一。文中尝试将有限元技术应用于基于能量平衡的机床结构动态设计,在介绍结构动态系统能量分析方法的基础上,针对结构动态系统的有限元模型,提出定量描述结构动态特性优劣的方法,通过算例对悬臂梁结构的集中参数模型能量分析结果与有限元能量分析结果进行比较,并以有限元能量分析实现悬臂梁结构的改进。结果表明该结构动态设计技术具有明显的优越性,最后将该技术应用于某平面磨床结构的动态特性分析,找出该磨床结构的薄弱环节,对该磨床结构的优化设计起到指导作用。

The energy balance of structural dynamic system is one of the basis for the dynamic design of machine structure.Finite element technique was applied to the machine dynamic design which based on the energy balance for try,in the base of introducing energy analysis method of the structural dynamic system,a quantitative description of the structural dynamic characteristics methods was brought forward,which was aimed at finite element model of structural dynamic system.Through an example,the results of the cantilever energy analysis which based on the lumped mass model and finite element model were compared,and the structural development of cantilever beam was carried out in the basis of finite element energy analysis.The result indicated that this structural dynamic design technique had apparently advantage.Finally,this technique was applied to the structural dynamic characteristics analysis of a surface grinder,the weak link of the grinding machine structure was found,which had instruction function for structure optimization of the grinding machine.