饥饿再投喂对团头鲂生长、体组成及肠道消化酶的影响

Effects of starvation-and-refeeding on the growth,body composition and intestinal digestive enzyme of Megalobrama amblycephala Yih

采用饥饿后再投喂的投喂方式在室外网箱中用含粗蛋白32%、粗脂肪4%的商品饲料饲喂(4.5±0.2)g团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala Yih)48 d,试验鱼分5组:对照组(每日投喂)、S1F1组(隔日投喂)、S2F2组(隔2 d投喂2 d)、S4F4组(隔4 d投喂4 d)和S8F8组(隔8 d投喂8 d),对各组团头鲂进行生长性能和相关生化指标测定分析。结果显示:S1F1、S2F2组试验鱼增重率与对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05),实现了完全补偿生长;S4F4、S8F8组在摄食期间的特定生长率显著性高于对照组(P<0.05),但增重率最终低于对照组,实现了部分补偿生长。饥饿后的团头鲂主要是利用脂肪作为能源物质维持自身代谢,4种周期性饥饿再投喂模式与对照相比没有改变团头鲂的肥满度、全鱼水分、粗蛋白等指标,但使肝体比上升、胴体比下降、全鱼脂肪含量下降。4种周期性饥饿再投喂模式可以提高其肠道内消化酶和肝脏抗氧化应激酶活性。

A 48-day multi-cycles experiment was carried out to determine the effects of repeating starvation-refeeding on the growth,body composition and digestive enzymes by feeding the artificial pellet in juvenile Megalobrama amblycephala Yih with initial weight of（4.5±0.2）g cultured in outdoor net-cages.Fish were assigned to five groups,namely the control group（daily feeding）,test group S1F1（feeding every other day）,test group S2F2（starvation 2 d,feeding 2 d）,test group S4F4（starvation 4 d,feeding 4 d） and test group S8F8（starvation 8 d,feeding 8 d）.By the end of the experiment,weight gain ratio of the test group S1F1 and S2F2 had no significant difference from that of the control group.Weight gain ratio of group S4F4 and S8F8 was significantly lower than that of the control group.However,special growth rates of all four test groups were significantly higher than that of the control group.Fish starving for 1-8ds（S1F1,S2F2,S4F4 and S8F8）mainly took fat as energy material to maintain their own metabolism and resuming feeding can make condition factor,moisture and crude protein of whole fish of the four test groups back to normal（the control group）.However carcass ratio and crude fat of the fish of the four test groups are lower than those of the control group.Intestinal digestive enzyme activities of all four test groups were higher than those of the control group,and lipase was much more higher than that of the control group.And the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver of the fish of four test groups were higher than that of the control group.