某地区钢铁行业矽肺结核流行规律及其影响因素分析

Study on prevalence and risk factors relative to silicosis combined with PTB in a metallurgical industry group

目的了解某地区钢铁行业矽肺结核的流行规律和影响因素,为制定有效的预防措施提供依据。方法对某地区钢铁行业工人中1 629例矽肺病例进行回顾性调查,核查矽肺病例卡,建数据库,应用SPSS 13.0软件包进行统计处理。结果矽肺患者接尘工龄平均为22.4年,发病年龄平均为49.96岁,矽肺病死率为17.74%(289/1 629),矽肺结核合并率为12.89%(210/1 629)。矽肺结核较单纯矽肺晋期率高;矽肺结核合并率随入矿年代的增加而降低;随矽肺期别的增加而升高。影响矽肺结核发生的因素有发病年龄、入矿年代、接尘工龄和矽肺期别。结论矽肺结核的发生与发病年龄、入矿年代、矽肺期别有关。

Objective To explore the prevalence features of silicosis complicated with tuberculosis and its risk factors,in order to provide scientific criteria for the prevention of it.Methods An epidemiological questionnaire survey was carried out in 1 629 silicosis patients in a metallurgical industry group.Results The average time of exposure was 22.4 years,and the average incidence age was 49.96 years,among these cases,the mortality of silicosis patients was 17.74%（289/1 629）,and the total rate of silicosis complicated with tuberculosis was 12.89%（210/1 629）.The silicosis patients combined with PTB had a higher rate of stage upgrade than those who only got silicosis.The concurrent rate declined with time and the concurrent rate increased with the stage of silicosis.Risk factors of silicosis complicated with tuberculosis were observed to be the age and the years of incidence,the length of service and the stage of silicosis.Conclusion The workers with silicosis are prone to complicate tuberculosis.The occurrence of silicosis complicated with tuberculosis is related to the age and the years of incidence,and the stage of silicosis.