南海北部浮游植物的时空异质性研究

Temporal and Spatial Heterogeneity of Phytoplanktons in the Northern South China Sea

为研究南海北部浮游植物时空变化规律及其与海洋环境响应关系,采用1997-2002年开展的"南海专属经济区和大陆架渔业资源及其栖息环境调查"所取得的浮游植物调查数据,利用GIS空间局部插值法构建景观分析模型,对南海北部浮游植物时空异质性进行了分析。结果表明,南海北部海区浮游植物密度变化范围为0.03(4 179×104个/m3,总平均为87.2×104个/m3,夏冬春秋四季浮游植物平均密度由高至低。南海北部浮游植物总体近海高于远海,且在近海海域呈斑块状分布格局,斑块一般出现在北部湾中北部上升流区、粤东遮浪上升流区、台湾浅滩上升流区和粤西沿岸电白-阳江上升流区等南海北部几个重要上升流区内。浮游植物密度最高值斑块一般随着季风和沿岸流的季节转换而交替向东或向西方向进行有规律的漂移。

The temporal and spatial heterogeneity of phytoplanktons in the Northern South China Sea（NSCS） and its relationship with marine environment were investigated based on the data acquired from the survey on fishery resources and their habitat environment in the South China Sea exclusive economic zone and continental shelf carried out from 1997-2002（sponsored by the state program of special marine survey,HY126-02）.The data were analyzed by using GIS spatial analysis model and mapping techniques.The amount of phytoplanktons in NSCS changed from 0.03 to 4 179×10^4 ind/m^3,with an average of 87.2×10^4 ind/m^3,in desceding order of summer,winter,spring and autumn.The phytoplankton density was generally higher in the coast waters than in offshore waters.Areas with high phytoplankton density patched along the coastal waters.The high density patches generally occured in the upwelling areas along NSCS coast,such as the northern and central Beibu Bay,Zhelang,Taiwan Bank and Dianbai-yangjiang area.Patches with high phytoplankton density usually shifted from east to west with seasonal changes of monsoon wind and coast currents.