芝罘湾表层沉积物中重金属的分布特征及潜在生态危害评价

Distribution and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments from Zhifu Bay,the Yellow Sea

为了解芝罘湾沉积物中重金属的污染状况,于2009年7月采集了黄海芝罘湾16个站位的表层沉积物并测定了其中的重金属含量。芝罘湾的重金属污染程度较低,所有测定值均低于国家海洋沉积物Ⅰ类质量标准。Hg、Cu、Pb、Cd、Zn、Ni、Co、Mn 8种重金属的平均含量分别为0.02、12.3、8.67、0.13、32.8、11.4、5.00、229 mg.kg-1。根据地质累积指数法和Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法分别对重金属的污染和潜在生态危害程度进行了评价,结果表明,相对于其它重金属,芝罘湾沉积物的Hg和Cd污染较为严重。此次调查中芝罘湾表层沉积物的重金属含量较前期调查低,说明近年来该海湾的环境质量有所提高。

The surface sediment samples from sixteen stations of Zhifu Bay, the Yellow Sea, were collected in July 2009 and the concentrations of eight heavy metals, including Hg, Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Co and Mn were determined. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals in Zhifu Bay were generally low, which were less than the national standard levels of grade I sediments. The average concentrations of Hg, Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Co, Mn were 0.02, 12.3, 8.67, 0. 13, 32. 8, 11.4, 5.00, 229 mg · kg^-1, respectively. The pollution levels and potential ecological risk levels of heavy metals were evaluated by geoaccumulation index and Hakanson＇s method, and the results demonstrated the pollution and potential ecological risks of Hg and Cd were higher than those of the other metals. The levels of heavy metals in this survey were generally lower than that of the previous study, suggesting an improvement of marine environments in recent years.