资金流量表的二重结构与我国初次分配格局的产业结构分析

Analysis on Dual Structure of the Flow of Funds Table and the Industrial Structure of Initial Distribution Pattern in China

资金流量表呈现出功能性分配的结构,在其背后还隐藏着生产增加值的结构或产业结构。两个结构混杂在一起,导致表中的数据"打架"。由于从资金流量表中解析出二重结构,我们就可以利用资金流量表提供的数据,对初次分配格局进行产业结构的分析。从产业结构的角度出发,资金流量表中的四个部门应改为:一般企业部门、金融机构部门、政府部门和家庭企业部门。由此可以看到:各部门初次分配的格局差别极大。"劳动报酬份额较低且下降",实际上主要是一般企业部门的问题。劳动报酬份额的部门差异,在排除了人均资本占有的部门差异和就业的部门差异因素之后,其原因只能归结为人均劳动报酬的部门差异。解决"提高劳动报酬份额"问题,在短期,必须对不同的部门采取不同的政策,"有保有压"。在长期,必须把各种有关公平收入分配的政策"硬化"为制度。

The flow of Funds Table shows the structure of functional distribution,behind this there hides the structure of production added value or the structure of production.Mixture of the two structures results in contradictions among the data in the table.We can use the data in the Flow of Funds Table to analyse the initial distribution pattern from the perspective of the indus-trial structure since we find out the dual structure in the Flow of Funds Table.From the perspec-tive of the industrial structure,four sectors in the Flow of Funds Table should be changed as follows：General business sector,Financial institutions sector,Goverment and Family busi-ness sector.We can see that the initial distribution patterns of different sectors vary widely.In fact,the low and declining share of labour remunerations is mainly the problem of the general business sector.Ruling out differences among sectors in captial per share and employment,the differences of share of labour remunerations among different sectors can only be attributed to differences of average labour remunerations among different sectors.To solve the problem of increasing the share of labour remunerations,it is necessary to adopt different policies for differ-ent sectors in the short term,such as support some sectors and suppress some sectors.In the long run,we should improve policies on fair distribution of income into a system.