行业选择与工资差异——来自大学毕业生劳动力市场的证据

Industrial Choice and Wages Differential:Evidence from Labor Market of College Graduates

本文利用全国2008届大学毕业生求职与工作能力抽样调查数据,分析高、低收入行业的就业选择与工资收入的影响因素,并测算行业工资差异的大小及构成。结果发现,男性、211院校毕业或有良好家庭背景的大学毕业生更容易进入高收入行业工作,能力对行业选择与工资收入影响显著;行业工资差异高达41%,其中超过80%的差异归因于行业分割,余下差异中地区因素占主导地位;去除垄断性行业能够降低高、低收入行业工资差异与分割比重,并提升能力解释力。

Using a survey data of Placement and Ability of Chinese College Graduates graduated in 2008,this paper analyzes the determinants of employment choice and wages in different income industries,and estimates the magnitude and composition of wage dif-ferentials.We find that,those who are male,from 211 universities or having good family backgrounds seem easier to enter high-paying industries,and individual ability plays an important role in industrial choice and wage income.Industry wage differentials is as high as 41%,over 80% of which can be attributable to industrial segmentation while geographic factors dominate the rest portion.High—low paying wage differential and segmentation portion will go down while ability explainable portion will rise if getting rid of several mo-nopoly industry subsamples.