从考古资料考察祆教女性的婚姻与财产状况

A Study of Female's Marriage and Property of Zoroastrianism from the Archaeological Findings

中外史料和考古发现中有关祆教女性的社会生活主要有家庭、婚姻和财产,祆教信仰决定她们生活的很多方面。在婚姻上,她们多依从"血族内婚制度",多由家长安排婚姻,有很小程度的选择自由;在财产方面,享受一定继承权,但有明显的被歧视现象;在家庭地位上,处于父子家长制的内向型家族中较为不利的地位,被控制、被歧视,反映女性在男性占绝对统治社会中的脆弱性与被动性。这些发现对于研究祆教在中国的传布及其与中国文化的关系颇为重要。

Historical and archaeological findings at home and abroad show that female＇s social life of Zoroastrianism mainly includes family,marriage and property,their life is decided by the Zoroastrianism beliefs.In marriage,they follow the endogamous system in the same blood clan,most marriages are arranged by parents,they seldom have their own choice.In property,they enjoy the right for inheritance to some extent,but with obvious discrimination.In the family status,they are in an unfavorable situation,being controlled and discriminated in a patriarchal and inward-oriented family,reflecting female＇s vulnerability and passivity.These findings are of great importance in studying the spreading of Zoroastrianism in China and its relations with the Chinese culture.