合作频谱感知安全技术研究

Study on Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Security Technology

频谱感知是认知无线电实现动态频谱接入的前提和关键技术。由于阴影效应和多径衰落等因素,单个认知用户的频谱感知的结果可能不可靠,因此通过多个认知用户检测结果的融合来提高频谱感知的性能,即合作频谱感知。目前,合作频谱感知存在两类安全威胁:主用户假冒攻击(IE,Incumbent Emulation)和频谱感知数据篡改攻击(SSDF,Spectrum Sensing Data Falsification)。由于这两种攻击的存在,将会大大降低频谱感知的性能,减少认知用户接入空闲授权频段的机会。因此,有必要对这两类攻击开展相关的防御技术研究。

Spectrum sensing is the premise and key technology for realizing dynamic spectrum access in cognitive radio.Due to shadow effect and multi-path fading environment factors,the spectrum sensing performance of single cognitive user may not be reliable.So cooperative spectrum sensing,through fusing the results of several cognitive users,could improve the spectrum sensing performance.However,cooperative spectrum sensing faces two kinds of threats： incumbent emulation and spectrum sensing data falsification.The existence of these two attacks reduces the performance of spectrum sensing remarkably,including the chance for the cognitive user to access vacant licensed spectrum band.Thus,it is necessary to develop new prevention technologies against these two attacks.