中国村镇民居的建造习惯与抗震性能评析

Assessing on construction habituation and seismic behavior of village and town buildings in China

针对中国新农村建设和抗震救灾、农房重建、加固改造等工作中缺乏反映农村民居现状基础数据的问题,在全国19个省、市、自治区68个行政村,对354户村镇民居建筑开展抗震性能的调研。运用分类归纳总结的方法分析调研数据,研究不同结构形式村镇民居建筑的建造习惯与施工工艺,讨论民居建筑在正常使用时和地震后的典型破坏特征,评析中国既有村镇民居建筑抗震性能现状,指出村镇民居在抗震设计、构造、施工中存在的问题,并剖析其原因;提出一些提高村镇建筑抗震性能的措施和建议,为村镇民居建筑的建设、加固改造工作提供参考。

Because of being lack of basic data for the status of the rural residential areas in new rural construction, and rebuilding, reinforcing and earthquake rescuing rural houses, this paper investigated the figures from 354 households of 68 administrative villages in national 19 provinces, cities or autonomous regions, summarized the construction habituation and technology process of different structural forms, discussed the typical damage feature of buildings in normal use and the typical damage features caused by earthquakes, assessed the seismic behavior of the buildings, pointed out the problems on designing and construction, and proposed some measures to strengthen the seismic performance in order to make a reference for constructing or strengthening the village and town buildings. 1 tab, 19 figs, 6 refs.