上海市初中学生屏幕时间现况及影响因素分析

Status and Risk Factors of Screen Time among Middle School Students in Shanghai

[目的]掌握初中学生屏幕时间现状,了解屏幕时间的影响因素,为相关健康问题的干预提供依据。[方法]采取整群抽样的方法于2010年12月随机抽取上海市6所中学初中部的全部学生及其家长为研究对象接受调查,共收到有效问卷2549份。观察初中学生的屏幕时间,并采用有序多分类logistic回归,分析其影响因素。[结果]调查学生在调查前1周的屏幕时间平均为2.83h/d,周末的屏幕时间是上学日的2.06倍。致使屏幕时间延长的危险因素为非毕业班、男孩、卧室摆放电视机、不约束看电视时间、拥有自己的电脑、中学生特质焦虑分数高于平均分、经常在看电视和用电脑时吃零食、母亲屏幕时间平均>2h/d、认为屏幕时间对健康没有影响。[结论]电子屏幕使用是上海市初中学生生活中的重要内容之一,屏幕时间延长受到多种因素影响;其也是初中学生多种健康问题的危险因素。屏幕时间的控制需要社会、家庭、个人等多方面的的共同努力。

[ Objective ] To understand the status of screen time among middle school students and to determine the risk factors of screen time among middle school students in Shanghai. [ Methods ] A total of 2549 middle school students aged 9 to 16 years and their parents were recruited by a cluster sampling strategy in Shanghai in December, 2010. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on screen time and related risk factors. Proportion of screen time per day and the mean values of screen time were presented. An ordinal logistic regression models was developed to determine the contribution of each risk factor to screen time. [ Results ] The average screen time was 2.83 h/d during a week before the investigation among selected middle school students and the screen time at weekend was 2.06 times to school day. Not in senior grade, boy, TV set in bedroom, no TV time restriction, owned a computer, high level of trait anxiety, frequently eating snacks when watching TV and using computer, mother＇s home screen time in more than 2 h and no recognition on impact of screen time to health were the risk factors of screen time. [ Conclusion ] TV, computer, mobile phone and internet are important in students＇ life. Long screen time is one of potential risk factors of middle school students＇ health. The screen time could be modified by multi-levels factors in social, family and individual realms.