阿片类药物中毒患者使用甘露醇的急救护理

First-aid Treatment of Opioid Poisoning Patients with Mannitol

目的:探讨由胃肠道吸收的阿片类药物中毒患使用甘露醇,以促进药物从肠道排泄,挽救生命的护理要点。方法:对收治的46例体内异物包装破损,导致阿片类药物中毒患者,在严密观察病情同时,常规使用纳洛酮,同时使用20%甘露醇导泻,收到满意效果。结果:37例患者在2h内解稀水样便,9例患者2 h内仍无排便,继予追加20%甘露醇200 mL口服一次,所有患者均在入院后18 h开始排出体内异物,吞服异物最多的一例患者,于94 h全部排出体内异物。结论:对由胃肠道吸收的阿片类药物中毒患者,利用甘露醇的不同给药途径,达到导泻、脱水、利尿,促进药物的排泄,收到满意效果。

Objective： To investigate the effect of Mannitol treatment in opioid poisoning patients. Methods： Forty six patients of opioid intoxication caused by damaged packaging foreign body admitted in our department were enrolled in the research. In addition to the regular Naloxone treatment, patients in the research were received twenty percent of Mannitol for purgation. Results： Thirty seven patients evacuated watery stool in two hours, 9 cases who did not evacuated a stool after two hours were received 20OraL of twenty percent Mannitol again. All patients began to evacuate foreign body eighteen hours after admission, the longest time of excreting all foreign body was 94 hours. Conclusion： It is effective in excretion opioid toxic, dehydration and diuresis with Mannitol treatment for opioid poisoning patients through gastrointestinal tract.