单级感应线圈炮能量转换效率研究

Research of Energy Conversion Efficiency in Single Stage Induction Coilgun

在单级感应线圈炮的发射过程中,随着电容器组放电电压、电容量以及电枢初始位置的变化,弹丸出口速度和系统能量转换效率也将随之发生变化。为获得其中的规律,建立了单级感应线圈炮的数学模型,仿真分析了电容器组放电电压、电容量以及电枢初始位置对弹丸出口速度及系统能量转换效率的影响。分析结果表明,随着放电电压增加弹丸出口速度几乎呈直线上升,而系统能量转换效率却先增加后减小,存在一个最佳放电电压使得系统能量转换效率最大;随着电容器组电容量增加,弹丸出口速度不断增大但增幅逐渐减小趋于饱和,而系统能量转换效率先增加后减小,存在一个最佳电容器组电容量使得系统能量转换效率最大;随着电枢初始位置沿弹丸发射方向移动,弹丸出口速度和系统能量转换效率都先增大后减小,存在一个最佳初始位置使得二者同时达到最大。

During the launch of single stage induction coilgun,the change of the initial position of the armature,the discharge voltage and the capacitance of capacitors will affect the electrical-to-kinetic energy conversion efficiency of the system.In order to gain the rule between them,the mathematic model of single stage induction coilguns was built,and the influence of the initial position of armature,the discharge voltage and the capacitance of capacitors on the muzzle velocity of projectile and the electrical-to-kinetic energy conversion efficiency of the system was simulated and analyzed.Results of investigation showed that the muzzle velocity of projectile almost linearly increased with the discharge voltage of capacitors increasing.However,the energy conversion efficiency increased at first and decreased later with the discharge voltage of capacitors increasing.There was a best discharge voltage with which the maximum energy conversion efficiency was obtained.With the capacitance of capacitors increasing,the muzzle velocity of projectile gradually increased and leveled off at last.While the energy conversion efficiency also increased at first and decreased later with the capacitance of capacitors increasing.There was a best capacitance which could maximize the energy conversion efficiency.With the initial position of the armature moving towards the launch direction of projectile,the muzzle velocity of projectile and the energy conversion efficiency both increased at first and decreased later.There was a best initial position of the armature which could maximize the muzzle velocity of projectile and the energy conversion efficiency at the same time.