中西思维范式差别与中国管理情境问题——和谐管理理论与信息经济学理论研究范式的比较

The Thinking Paradigm Differences between the Western Country and Eastern Country and the Context Issues of the Chinese Management——Illustrated by Studying the Paradigm of Hexie Management Theory and the Paradigm of Information Economics Theory

和谐管理理论作为一种管理哲学,其"谐则"与"和则"、优化设计与人的能动作用机制,无疑是中国管理学史上值得一书的理论,但相比于信息经济学理论研究范式则有明显不足,后者基于微观化现象观察和问题导向,以过程结构观为指导方针,以"分竞转合"方法为过程路线,针对具体问题运用技术工具展开自下而上的科学研究,在归纳出微观理论的前提下,推演到普适性的理论体系层面,并作为普适性的理论知识进行传播。和谐管理理论的缺陷明显在于:和谐管理理论体系的原理、方法论、方法与技术工具都处于宏观层面,导致其理论只能是一种管理哲学,而非技术层面的工具性理论。所谓和谐理论的整体思维源于对系统论的"整体观"认识,实则是不自觉地进入了中国文化深层结构的逻辑误区,即终极和谐的本体观代替了分竞转合的过程观。按照管理过程结构观的思想,在中国管理情境(特定环境)下,管理理论建构要以"分竞转合"管理四分法为其过程方法,采取管理二元方式建构整合中国情境下的管理理论。或者说,管理过程的四分法、管理过程的二元方式是在中国特殊管理环境下,理论研究和实践活动最为可行的范式。

As a kind of management philosophy,it is no doubt that the＂Xie principles＂and＂He principles＂,the optimal design and the human motivation mechanism of Hexie management theory all are right.It is a milestone in Chinese management theory.The information economics＇ theoretical paradigm is based on the observation to the microscopic phenomenon and the problems orientation,which guidelines is the process structure viewpoint,the process line is that the management is made of opposite motion,competitive motion,transferable motion and unified motion,and studying the specific problems by applying the bottom-up way.Compared to the information economics,the significant defects of Hexie theory is that the principle,the methodology and the technical tools are all at the macro level,which decide the Hexie management theory is a management philosophy rather than the instrumental theory.The systematic thought of Hexie theory is from the awareness of the overall view,which is unconsciously enter the logic errors of the deep structure of Chinese culture,that is,the ontological view of the ultimate harmony instead of the process view of opposite motion,competitive motion,transferable motion and unified motion.According to structure viewpoint of the management process,in the context of Chinese management,the construction of management theory should follow the basic law of ＂one divided into four＂ and apply the dual approach,which be considered the most available paradigm in studying the theory and the practice in Chinese management.