A型肉毒毒素胃壁注射对大鼠胃排空和胃肌电的影响

Effects of Introgastric Injection of Botulinum Toxin Type A on Gastric Emptying and Gastric Myoelectricity in Rats

背景:肥胖症是世界范围内的流行性疾病.以往非外科治疗手段的疗效甚微。近年研究发现A型肉毒毒素(BTX.A)胃壁注射治疗肥胖症的优势明显.是当前的研究热点。目的:研究BTX.A胃壁注射对大鼠胃排空和胃肌电的影响.以探索其用于肥胖症治疗的可能机制。方法:72只Wistar大鼠随机分为2周组、6周组和12周组,每组再分为正常对照组、BTX-A胃窦注射组、BTX.A胃底体注射组、BTX.A全胃多点注射组。记录大鼠进食量和体质量变化,测定胃固体半排空时间,描记胃肌电图。结果:各BTX.A注射组大鼠的进食量、体质量增加值均较正常对照组显著下降.胃固体半排空时间显著延长,胃肌电图表现为胃肌电过缓和节律不齐。上述改变以多点注射组最为显著,其次为胃底体组和胃窦组。随着时间的延长,各BTX.A注射组与正常对照组间各胃肌电相关参数的差异逐渐减小,至12周时部分指标差异无统计学意义。结论:BTX-A胃壁注射可致大鼠胃排空延迟,胃电节律紊乱,以多点注射作用最为显著,效果可维持12周。BTX-A胃壁注射致胃排空延迟和胃电节律紊乱可能是导致大鼠进食量减少和体质量增加值下降的机制之一。

Background： Obesity is one of the epidemic diseases in the world. The efficacies of non-surgical treatment approaches are disappointing. Recently, introgastric injection of botulinum toxin type A （BTX-A） in obesity treatment is becoming a hotspot for its noticeable advantages. Aims： To assess the effects of introgastric injection of BTX-A on gastric emptying and gastric myoelectricity in rats, and to uncover the possible anti-obesity mechanisms of BTX-A. Methods： Seventy-two Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 2-week group, 6-week group and 12-week group. Rats in each group then were randomly assigned to normal controls, BTX-A antrum injection group, BTX-A fundus-body injection group and BTX-A multi-site injection group. Food intake and body weight of rats were recorded. Gastric half-emptying time of solids was measured, and electromyogram was recorded. Results： Food intake and increment of body weight were reduced, gastric half-emptying time of solids was delayed, and bradygastria and gastric dysrhythm were seen in all the BTX-A injection groups as compared with the normal controls, it was most prominent in multi-site injection group, followed by fundus-body injection group and antrum injection group. With the time passed, the differences in myoelectrieal parameters were diminished gradually between BTX-A injection groups and normal controls, some parameters became hardly distinguished among these groups after 12 weeks. Conclusions： Introgastric injection of BTX-A can cause delayed gastric emptying and disturbance of gastric rhythm in rats, which is most prominent in multi-site injection group. These effects can be maintained for 12 weeks. It is reasonable to consider that the delayed gastric emptying and the disturbance of gastric rhythm after introgastric injection of BTX-A may be one of the mechanisms of the decreased food intake and weight gain in rats.