早产儿视网膜病相关危险因素的研究进展

Progress in researches on the related risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity

早产儿视网膜病是早产儿严重致盲性眼部疾病.1942年Terry以晶体后纤维增生症首先报道,直到1984年才正式命名为早产儿视网膜病,主要表现为视网膜缺血,新生血管形成和增生性视网膜病变,重者可导致永久性失明.近年来早产儿视网膜病发病率逐年上升,已成为早产儿致盲的主要原因之一,严重影响早产儿生存质量.早产儿视网膜病确切病因仍未明确,近年来国内、外学者们对相关危险因素做了大量研究,以期指导临床降低该病的发生率,寻找更加方便、廉价、有效而利于推广的治疗方法.

Retinopathy of prematurity （ROP） is a serious eye disease leading to blindness of preterm infants. It was reported as retrolental fibroplasia（RLF） firstly by Terry in 1942, and had not been named as ROP until 1984. The manifestations of the disease are retinal ischemia, neovaseularization and proliferative retinopathy. It may lead to permanent blindness if serious. The incidence of ROP, which affects the living of preterm infants, is rising year by year and becomes one of the most common causes of preterm infant＇ s blindness. The exact causes of ROP have not been defined yet, but the domestic and overseas scholars have done many researches purposing to decrease the incidence of ROP and to seek more convenient, cheap and effective therapy.