人绒毛膜滋养层细胞体外培养及其应用

Culture in Vitro of Human Trophoblast Cells

胎盘是胎儿与母体之间进行物质交换的重要器官,由滋养层细胞、毛细血管内皮细胞以及二者之间的基膜所构成.滋养层细胞在胚胎植入过程中起重要的调节作用,其增殖、分化、浸润等功能的失调与各种妊娠相关疾病的发生发展密切相关.因此,滋养层细胞的体外分离培养为研究妊娠相关疾病的发病机制提供了重要的实验基础,为研究各种物质通过胎盘屏障进入胎儿的具体机制奠定了细胞学基础.采用恰当的培养方法 获得足够数量的高纯度滋养层细胞,是进行相关研究的重要环节.该文对近年来国内外各种分离培养滋养层细胞的方法 进行综述.

Placenta is a vital organ in exchanging materials between fetus and matrix. It is composed by trophoblast ceils, capillary endothelial cells and basilemma. Trophoblast cells play an important regulatory role in the process of embryon implantation. The disturbance of trophoblast cells＇ multiplication, differentiation and infiltration is closely related with the occurrence and development of various pregnancy-related diseases. The isolation and culture of trophoblast cells in vitro provides a significant experimental basis for studying the pathogeny of the pregnancy-related diseases, and also lays a cytology foundation for researching the mechanism of various materials entering fetus through the placental barrier. It is an important step to obtain enough quantity and high purity trophoblast cells by an appropriate way in research. The article reviewed all kinds of ways to culture trophoblast cells in vitro in recent years.