南阳战国晚期至秦汉墓葬出土仿铜陶礼器研究

A Study on Bronze-Imitated Pottery Ritual Objects Excavated from Tombs during the time from Late Warring States Period to Qin and Han Dynasties in Nanyang Area

南阳战国晚期至秦汉墓葬出土的仿铜陶礼器,种类主要包括鼎、盒、壶、钫等几类,根据器形演变及组合关系的逻辑序列,可以分为八期十四段,年代跨度从战国晚期至东汉晚期。战国晚期前段,韩文化传统的陶壶是唯一的仿铜陶礼器;战国晚期中段,楚文化影响下的土著风格的仿铜陶礼器组合出现,到战国晚期后段,融汇了战国秦、楚、韩文化传统的新型仿铜陶礼器组合诞生并迅速发展,在西汉以后取得了统治地位。战国晚期至西汉早期前段,仿铜陶礼器组合关系不稳定,器类多不全;西汉早期后段至西汉晚期前段,以鼎、盒、壶为核心构成了稳定的仿铜陶礼器组合;西汉晚期后段开始,这一组合形态松弛,器类往往不全,东汉中期鼎消失,东汉晚期盒已不见。

Pottery Ritual Objects in Imitation of Bronzes（PROIB）,excavated from tombs dated to the time from late Warring States Period to Qin and Han Dynasties in Nanyang Area,mainly include types of Ding-tripod,box,jar and Fang（rectangular jar）.These combination can be further divided into eight periods and fourteen phases,according to their typological evolutions and group assemblages as funeral goods.In the first phase of late Warring States Period,traditional pottery jar of Han Culture was the one and only PROIB;in the second phase of that period,combination of local style PROIB appeared under the influence of Chu Culture;in the last phase,combination of new style PROIB,an integration of Qin,Chu and Han cultures,emerged and developed rapidly,playing a prominent role from Western Han.From late Warring States Period to the phase of early Western Han,group assemblages among PROIB was not stable,whereas from the last phase of that period to the first phase of late Western Han,a stable combination that Ding-tripod,box,and jars were set as central vessels formed,and was maintained till the last phase of late Western Han.Ding-tripod and box among the combination disappeared from middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty respectively.