黑塞教育小说研究:理想教育与精神自救

Study on Hesse's Education Novels: Ideal Education and Self Spiritual Salvation

如何处理好教育与精神成长的关系,是黑塞教育小说一直思考的主题。黑塞的教育观主要源于德国古典人文主义的教育观,现实却将"教育"理解为"进身之阶",这种功利主义的教育方式戕害了人的身心自由,有悖于黑塞的教育理想。同时,黑塞看到古典人文主义教育亦有其自身无法克服的局限:虽然它可以培养人的精神,使人成为健康、完美、自信的人,但是由于教育多局限于精神层面,人往往难以融入现实。

How to cope with the relationship between the education and the spiritual growth is the subject of Hermann Hesse＇s novels. Hesse＇s views on the education mainly came from the classical concept of humanistic education. But in reality, the ＂education＂ was considered as the way to obtain benefits, which deprived people of their physical and mental freedom, and deviated from Hesse＇s educational ideal. However, the classical concept of humanistic education had its own limits that couldn＇t be overcome. The more the education being confined to the spiritual level, the more difficulties the educated found to get along with the reality, although the education could cultivate the human spirit and make people become healthy, perfect, self-confident.