多发性骨髓瘤并发骨病患者的临床分析与护理对策

Analysis of osteopathia complicated from multiple myeloma:nursing countermeasures

目的分析多发性骨髓瘤患者并发骨病的相关因素,并提出护理对策。方法对100例多发性骨髓瘤患者进行回顾性分析。结果 100例患者中并发骨病者占85.0%,主要表现为骨质疏松(57.6%)、溶骨性改变(34.1%);部位多见于脊椎(50.6%)、肋骨(28.2%)。年龄≥50岁患者骨病患病率显著增高(P<0.05),并发骨病患者血尿酸水平显著高于不伴骨病者(P<0.05)。结论多发性骨髓瘤并发骨病以骨质疏松和溶骨性改变及脊椎、肋骨受累多见;年龄、血尿酸水平与骨病的发生有关。根据骨病发生特点给予针对性的护理是提高其生活质量的关键。

Objective To investigate risk factors of osteopathia in patients with multiple myeloma（MM）,and to put forward nursing countermeasures.Methods Totally,100 patients with MM were retrospectively investigated.Results Totally,85.0% were complicated with osteopathia,among whom,57.6% manifested themselves with osteoporosis,34.1% with osteolytic changes;50.6% had osteopathia in the spine,and 28.2% at the costal area.Patients who were aged older than 50 had significantly higher rates of osteopathia（P〈0.05）;those who were complicated with osteopathia had higher level of blood uric acid than those without osteopathia（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Osteopathia complicated from MM mainly manifests osteoporosis and osteolysis,and the spine and the ribs are frequently involved.Patients′ age,blood uric acid level have something to do with osteopathia.Nurses should take measures targeted to the causes of osteopathia so as to improve patients′ quality of life.