广东省佛山市南海城乡结合地区慢性病患病现状及其影响因素研究

Prevalence tendency and risk factors associated with chronic diseases in urban-rural fringe areas of Nanhai of Foshan City,Guangdong Province

目的了解广东省佛山市南海城乡结合地区居民慢性病患病现状,为卫生行政部门制定卫生政策提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,随机抽取本地8228名18岁以上居民作为调查对象,由经过培训合格的调查员进行入户面对面进行调查。结果实际调查居民8228人,慢性病患者2111人,慢性病患病率为25.66%,其中男性为27.52%、女性为24.03%。位居前4位的疾病依次为高血压（18.80%）、糖尿病（2.59%）、慢性鼻炎（1.73%）和慢性胃肠道疾病（1.19%）。影响慢性病患病的主要因素为年龄（OR=1.892~5.372）、性别（OR=1.524）、婚姻状况（OR=2.203~4.440）、文化程度（OR=0.624~0.544）、职业（OR=0.719~1.408）、吸烟（OR=1.418）、主动获取保健知识（OR=1.385）、超重（OR=2.152）。结论南海城乡结合地区居民慢性病患病率较高,高血压、糖尿病、慢性鼻咽炎、慢性胃肠道疾病是主要慢性病,应大力开展社区健康教育与健康促进,采取综合性干预措施,遏制慢性病流行。

Objective To understand the prevalence tendency of chronic diseases in urban-rural fringe areas of Nanhai District,Foshan,Guangdong Province,and to provide scientific basis for the administrative departments of health to make corresponding health policies.Methods A sample of 8228 people aged 18 or above was selected from local residents with stratified random sampling method.Door-to-door face to face survey was conducted by trained and qualified investigators.Results The overall prevalence of chronic diseases was 25.66%,27.52% for males and 24.03% for females.The leading four diseases were hypertension（18.80%）,diabetes（2.59%）,chronic rhinitis（1.73%）,and chronic gastrointestinal diseases（1.19%）.The main risk factors of chronic diseases were age（OR=1.892-5.372）,sex（OR=1.524）,marital status（OR=2.203-4.440）,educational level（OR=0.624-0.544）,occupation（OR=0.719-1.408）,smoking（OR=1.418）,intention to get health knowledge（OR=1.385）,and overweight（OR=2.152）.Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases is high.Hypertension,diabetes,chronic rhinitis,chronic gastrointestinal diseases were main chronic diseases.Community health education and promotion should be implemented and comprehensive interventions should be adopted to stop the spread of the chronic diseases.