十种药用植物超声提取物及其抑菌作用研究

Study on the Antibacterial Activity of Ten Ultrasound Extracts from Medicinal Plants

用超声波辅助提取法从10种药用植物中提取生物活性物质,采用生长速率法进行离体抑菌试验确定其对多种植物病原真菌的抑菌活性,并研究了植物提取物浓度对抑菌效果的影响。结果表明,丁香、肉桂、大黄、木香、黄芩的提取物对番茄立枯丝核病菌、辣椒炭疽菌、西瓜枯萎菌、甜瓜枯萎菌、番茄镰刀菌和黄瓜枯萎菌的菌丝生长均具良好的抑制作用,其中肉桂和丁香的抑菌作用最为明显,菌丝生长抑制率可高达100%;大黄和黄芩的抑菌效果受提取物浓度影响较大,且在试验范围内提取物浓度越高抑菌效果越好,而丁香、肉桂、木香的抑菌效果受提取物浓度影响不明显。

The extracts from 10 medicinal plants were obtained through ultrasound-assisted extraction method.And then their inhibitive activities to variety of plant pathogens and the inhibition effect of different concentration were tested.The results showed that the extracts of clove,cinnamomum cassia,rhubarb,aristolochia debilis,scutellaria had notable inhibitive activities to Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn,Gloeosporium piperatum,Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Niveum,Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.f.sp.Melonis,Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Lycopersici and Fusarium oxysporium f.sp.cucumerinum.The inhibitory rate of clove and cinnamomum cassia＇s extracts could reach to 100%.The inhibitory rate would be affected strongly by the concentration of extracts if the extracts came from rhubarb and scutellaria,and this inhibition strengthened with the increasing of concentration under considered concentrations;but there was no obvious effect when the source plant was Aristolochia debilis.