甘薯新品种泉薯9号丰产性及其高产机理研究

High Yield Sweet Potato,Quanshu No.9,and Its Mechanism

泉薯9号是福建省泉州市农业科学研究所2003年以泉薯268为母本放任授粉选育而成的,2009年初通过福建省农作物品种审定。泉薯9号的丰产性好：鲜薯产量在27 859.5-49750.5 kg·hm-2,为对照的89.81%-127.05%;薯干产量在8500.0-14 929.5 kg·hm-2,为对照的104.20%-152.30%;淀粉产量在5620.5-9 850.5 kg·hm-2,为对照的107.91%-155.36%。高产机理研究表明,泉薯9号中后期茎叶消退平缓,为其间鲜薯快速稳定生长奠定了物质基础,其叶面积系数、净同化率和经济系数均较高是其丰产的主要原因。该品种兼具优质、多抗、高淀粉等性状,适于鲜薯食用和淀粉加工,2009年在福建省累计示范推广约3 000hm2。

Ability of the sweet potatoes Quanshu No.9,to provide high yield and its mechanism are briefly described.Quanshu No.9 was bred by Quanzhou Institute of Agricultural Science in 2003 from the female parent Quanshu 268 by open-pollinating.The new variety was examined and approved by the Crop Variety Approval Committee of Fujian in 2009.Quanshu No.9 had an annual yield of fresh roots ranging from 27 859.5 to 49 750.5 kg·hm-2,which was 89.81%-127.05% of the control（Jinshang 57 or Nangshu 88）.Its annual yield of dry roots was between 8 500.0 and 14 929.5 kg·hm-2,which was 104.20%-152.30% of the control.The annual starch yield was between 5 620.5 and 9 850.5 kg·hm-2,which was 107.91%-155.36% of the control.The high yield was theorized to be contributed by the fast and stable root growth and the slow deterioration of stems and leaves during mid-to late-period.This mechanism of high leaf area,net assimilation rate and economic coefficient resulted in the high yield.With its fine quality,multi-disease-resistance and high starch content,Quanshu No.9 was fit for either fresh-eating or starch-processing.Its acreage in the province during 2009 was about 3 000 hm2,and appeared to be particularly promising in the south and the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River.