部分中国野生双孢蘑菇的DNA鉴定和遗传分析

DNA Identification and Genetic Analysis on Wild Agaricus bisporus Strains in China

对41株经同工酶初步鉴定的中国野生双孢蘑菇菌株及作为对照的8株国内外栽培菌株和14株国外野生菌株进行基因组DNA的SRAP和ISSR分析,并对部分菌株进行ITS序列的扩增与序列比对。结果发现中国野生双孢蘑菇与对照菌株的ITS序列同源性高达99%以上,为它们的进一步鉴定提供了DNA水平的依据,也表明同工酶鉴定和ITS序列鉴定的一致性。聚类分析结果表明中国野生双孢蘑菇在0.93的相似值上可分为3个大的类群并与采集地域相关,它们与对照菌株的遗传距离都比较远,揭示中国存在丰富的双孢蘑菇种质资源及独特的基因种群。

Genomic DNAs of 41 wild Agaricus bisporus strains identified by esterase isozymes analysis,along with 8 cultivation strains and 14 foreign wild strains as controls,were extracted for SRAP and ISSR analyses.Internal transcribed spacer（ITS） sequences of partial strains were amplified and the sequences were aligned.The results showed that the homology of ITS sequences from the wild A.bisporus and the control strains surpassed 99%.Thus,ITS sequence could be used as DNA-level evidences for further identification.In addition,the results were consistent with those obtained by esterase isozyme identification.Cluster analysis showed that these wild strains could be divided into three major groups,which were geographically correlated,at the similarity coefficient value of 0.93.They were genetically distant from the control strains.It suggested that China had abundant germplasm resources of A.bisporus with unique genetic makeup.