定向运动技术群的构建及应用

On Application and Establishment of Orienteering Techniques Groups

通过对定向运动技术内容进行分析归纳,提出定向运动有读图技术、指北针技术、距离判断技术、路线选择技术、重新定位技术、检查点捕捉技术、越野跑技术7大技术群组成。根据技术群的运动训练和技能形成特点,认为在技术训练及应用时应遵循由易到难,由简单到复杂,由单一到综合原则,在不同训练阶段选择相应的单项技术训练或技术综合训练;提倡训练中运用一定难度的技术,竞赛中尽可能避免运用高出自己水平的技术;在技术训练场地选择上,应从校园到公园再到野外,从平坦地形到起伏地形,谨慎安排地形信息量的多少,完整与细碎及通视度;在技术训练路线设计上,合理安排检查点数量、各路段长度、路段方向变换、检查点干扰,可选攻击点离检查点远近,长短距离穿越,依线依点运动路段。在读图技术训练上,合理安排静态与动态、平行读图和超前读图、概括读图和精确读图,及不同运动强度下快速路线选择读图。

What is analyzed and summarized in this research are the content of orienteering techniques, it is followed by introduction of seven groups of orienteering techniques, namely, map - reading skill, compass skill, distance judging skill, route choice skill, reorienting skill, control point capturing skill, and cross - country race skill. According to the technical groups of the movement characteristics of the training and skills formation, Training and application of that technology should follow the pattern as from being easy to difficult, from being simple to complex, from being single to comprehensive. It is of need to promote the use of certain difficult techniques in training. It is of same importance to make use of race as much as possible to avoid the higher their level of technology. In the choice of training venues, it should follow the order as from school to the park and then to the field, from fiat terrain to rolling terrain. The factors such as terrain information, complete and crushing, visibility should be of care arrangements. Technical training routes should be in the design. It is reasonable to have such arrangements as the number of check points; the length of the road, road direction of change, checkpoint interference, an optional point of attack distance from the checkpoint, the length from the crossing should be according to wire and point movement sections. In reading map of training, it is reasonable to have arrangements for static and dynamic, parallel attached at head of reading map, meanwhile general and precise reading map, and reading map for rapid routing in different exercise intensity shall be there for reference.