地面三维激光扫描技术在道路工程测绘中的应用

Application of Terrestrial 3D Laser Scanning in Road Engineering Survey

为解决传统测量方式数据采集信息单一、效率低、占用大量人力、体力劳动强度高、道路上作业风险大等缺点,本文探讨了近年来在测绘、考古等领域开始应用的一种高新科技——三维激光扫描技术。本文重点介绍了三维激光扫描技术在国内的应用现状,并与传统数据采集方式进行了比较,结合应用实例将三维激光扫描技术应用于道路工程测量,运用这项技术进行外业数据采集,并通过点云处理,进行平面虚拟测量、DEM建模、等高线、纵横断面等模型生成的过程。在京通高速公路大修测绘工程中,与传统全站仪数据采集进行了精度比较,精度完全能够达到道路设计要求。结果表明了三维激光扫描技术方案能够克服传统测量方式缺点,保证测绘数据质量,能够提高作业效率。同时在文章结尾,也指出了现阶段将三维激光扫描技术全面应用于生产单位所存在的现实性问题。

Traditional survey techniques are increasingly difficult to meet the demands because they not only become simple and ineffective when gathering field data,but also consume massive manpower and high labour intensity.Moreover,it is dangerous when working on road.This article mainly introduces the current situation of 3D laser scanning in China compared with the traditional data-gathering methods,and application of 3D laser scanning to road engineering survey as well.The technique is used to gather field data.Virtual level survey,DEM modeling,contour and vertical and cross section models are generated by point cloud data processing.3D laser scanning is used in Jingtong Highway maintenance survey,the accuracy can meet the requirements of gathering data when compared with the traditional total station data collection method.The technique can overcome the shortcomings of traditional survey methods,meet the quality requirements and improve efficiency.The article also points out the difficulties of using 3D laser scanning generally in production departments.