收获期对花生植株产量及蛋白质含量的影响

Effect of harvest date on plant yield and crude protein content of peanut

收获期直接影响花生植株产量和蛋白质含量及果实产量,为此对花生植株产量和粗蛋白含量及地下果实产量动态进行了分析,为在不影响花生果实产量的前提下收获高质、高产的花生植株提供了理论依据.结果表明：花生茎、叶和植株产量、粗蛋白含量、干物质消化率随收获期延长显著下降,粗蛋白含量和干物质消化率在生长134 d时最小;花生每株果和籽仁数、籽仁重及百仁重随收获期延长显著增加,每株果和籽仁数及籽仁重在花生生长119134 d最大.由产量指标及植株蛋白质含量确定的花生最佳收获时间为：2007年生长124129 d,2008年生长116133 d,即果实产量达到最大时及早收获以获得高质、高产的植株.

Harvest date affected plant yield and crude protein content of peanut,as well as kernel yield directly.The plant crude protein content and yield,and belowground yield trends of peanut at different harvest dates were analyzed,which could forward basis theory for harvesting high plant yield and quality and high kernel yield is the prerequisite condition.The results showed that stem,leaf and plant yields,as well as crude protein content and digestibility decreased significantly with the harvest dates,and the values were lest at 134 days after growing.Pod and kernel weights,pod and kernel numbers per plant as well as hundred kernel weights increased with the harvest date.Pod and kernel numbers,as well as pod and kernel weights reached the maximum values from 119134 days after growing.Therefore,the optimum harvest time of peanut was：from 124 to 129 and from 116 to 133 days after growing in 2007 and 2008,respectively.Namely,the peanut should be harvested quickly when the belowground yield reached the maximum vales to harvest high yield and quality plant.