宗教研究与文化关怀:从各宗教史研究析陈垣的中华文化观

Religious Studies and Cultural Concern:Analyzing Chen Yuan's View of Chinese Culture from His Studies on Different Religions

陈垣的宗教研究蕴涵着深刻的文化关怀。在基督教研究中,陈垣的文化关怀体现在"使基督教在中华文化史上占有地位"的基督教本色化观,认为基督宗教不可能也不会替代中华文化,只能成为中华文化的一部分。这可以并入他在研究各种外来宗教中体现出来的以中华文化为本位的"中华文化观",即包括基督教在内的外来宗教、文化无不融入中华文化,但是不能改变后者;中华文化海纳百川似地容纳外来宗教、文化,本身得以丰富,但是本质不变,强调中华文化的包容性。抗日战争时期,陈垣的"民族文化关怀"表现为用佛教道教著述,表彰遗民,阐扬气节,并论述宗教保存发展民族文化的观点,侧重的是中华文化的长久生命力。陈恒的文化关怀体现了陈垣对自身和国家民族处境的深刻思考,在现实中都有对应,基督教本色化观对应陈垣的宗教信仰以及基督教与中华文化的关系问题,中华文化观对应全盘西化和文化保守观点,民族文化观对应外族入侵的文化保存和发展问题。我们分析陈垣的宗教研究时需要考虑这些因素。

There are profound cultural concerns in Chen Yuan＇s research on different religions.In Christian studies,it was reflected on his attempt of indigenization of Christianity in China：Christianity should be seen as a part in the history of Chinese Culture;In his studies of ancient foreign religions,he argued for the assimilation of Chinese Culture to different foreign religions;and in his Buddhist and Daoism studies,he analyzed that religions could save and develop national culture,and emphasized the life-force of Chinese Culture.All the three cultural concerns and their different expressions on the relationship between religions and Chinese Culture were responses to the social context.We should take these three concerns into consideration when analyzing his study of religions.