陕西省公众应对灾害事件知识现状及影响因素分析

Factors affecting the knowledge of disastrous event response among residents in Shaanxi province

目的研究陕西省公众应对灾害事件知识的知晓现状及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段抽样的方法,选取陕西省城乡居民进行问卷调查,对灾害事件应对知识的知晓水平进行logistic回归分析。结果本研究共调查1 945人。调查对象地震、水灾、火灾应对知识的平均知晓率分别为72.86%、65.34%和77.94%。性别、文化程度、备灾意识、是否进行过逃生演练对灾害事件应对知识的知晓程度有影响。男性得高分的可能性是女性的1.300倍;高中/中专、大专及以上者得高分的可能性分别为文盲半文盲的3.273、3.585倍;备灾意识得分每增加一分,得高分的可能性为原来的1.348倍;进行过逃生演练者得高分的可能性是没有进行过逃生演练者的0.455倍。结论陕西公众对地震、水灾和火灾等灾害事件应对知识掌握不全面,低文化程度、缺乏备灾意识等可能是影响灾害事件知识水平的重要因素,应大力开展防灾减灾宣传教育工作。

Objective To investigate the public awareness of disastrous event response in Shaanxi province and explore its related factors.Methods A multi-stage sampling method was applied to select the participants from urban and rural residents in Shaanxi Province.We had a pre-designed face-to-face questionnaire interview for all participants.A logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting disastrous event knowledge and response.Results A total of 1 945 subjects were interviewed for the study.The average rates of awareness were 72.86%,65.34% and 77.94% respectively for earthquake,flood and fire response.Factors associated with higher knowledge score of disaster response were sex（OR=1.3 for men vs women）,higher education level（OR=3.273 3.585 respectively for residents with high school and college education vs.uneducated residents）;emergency preparedness（OR=1.348）and emergency rescue drills（OR=2.2）.Conclusion Public knowledge of disastrous event response needs to be improved in Shaanxi province.It is necessary to provide residents with disaster event awareness education,response training and emergency event drills.