财政转移支付与地方政府支出行为——基于中国地市面板数据的实证分析

Transfer Payments and Response of Government Expenditure——The Empirical Test of Panel Data from Chinese Cities

本文运用一个简单的理论框架分析了转移支付对地方政府财政支出行为的影响效应,并实证检验了省以下政府间财政转移支付对地方政府财政支出行为的影响效应。分析结果表明:一般性转移支付与地方财政支出之间存在显著的替代效应,而专项转移支付与地方政府财政支出之间存在着显著的互补效应,并且地方政府并不存在反应过度问题。本文的政策建议是:从短期来看,中央政府通过一般性转移支付方式可以有效降低基层政府的财政债务负担,通过专项转移支付可以有效提高基层政府公共服务的供给数量和质量;从长期来看,应进一步完善分税格局,给予地方政府(特别是基层政府)更多与其事权相匹配的税权能力。

This paper analyzes the effect of transfer payments to the government expenditure in a simple model.The em-pirical results show： general transfer payments have significant substitution effect to the government expenditure,while comple-mentary effect caused by special transfer payments.This article suggests that the higher levels government should increase the amount of transfer payment in the short-run,and give more taxing power to the local government to match the expenditure responsibilities in the long-run.