四十年代冯至的个体自觉与集体意识

Self-consciousness and Collective-consciousness of Feng Zhi's Thought in the 1940's

上世纪四十年代是冯至创作的一个高峰。该时期作品带有强烈的个人思辨的色彩,也表现了他对个体存在本位的坚持。与此同时,冯至开始更多地强调个体对外物的关情,更多地转向对现实与集体的关注。个体自觉与集体意识在冯至四十年代的思想与创作中交锋,表面融合而实际背离,影响着冯至在四十年代末到五十年代的转向。从对冯至个体自觉与集体意识之间关系的分析,可窥见中国现代知识分子在启蒙话语中个人主体性建立的需求与当时中国社会现实、国族救亡、集体主义的复杂关系。

Feng Zhi reached another peak of his creative career in the 1940＇s.During this period,strong self-consciousness of intellectual analysis was demonstrated in his works.Meanwhile,he began to put more emphasis on individual＇s care for the outside world and focused more on social realities and the collective.It seems that Feng Zhi kept a balance between self-consciousness and collective-consciousness in his life philosophy in the 1940s.However,there was a hidden antinomy in Feng Zhi＇s thoughts,leading to his seemingly abrupt turn from emphasizing individualism to embracing collectivism in the late 1940s.From the analysis of Feng Zhi,we could learn something about the complex relationship between the need of modern intellectuals to establish individual subjectivity and the realities of Chinese society,national salvation and collectivism.