试样加工对金属材料拉伸性能的影响

Effect of Sample Processing on Tensile Properties of Metallic Material

通过对大量拉伸试验数据进行分析比较,从样坯切取和试样制备两大方面分析了试样加工对金属材料拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:取样方向、取样位置、取样方法、试样形状、试样尺寸以及试样制备方法等都不同程度地影响着金属材料的拉伸性能,在实际检测工作中应正确认识这些因素对拉伸试验结果的影响,拉伸试验前应选择正确的取样部位和取样方向,加工成规定横截面和形状的试样,并避免试样在加工过程中受到热影响和加工硬化影响,同时还应尽可能提高试样的加工精度。

The effect of sample processing on tensile properties of metallic material was studied from two aspects of cutting billets and machining tensile specimens based on analyzing and comparing the mass data of tensile testing. The results show that sampling direction, sampling sites, sampling method, specimen shape, specimen size and specimen machining method all had different degree effect on the tensile properties of metallic materials, and in the practical testing work it should be understood correctly. Before tensile testing, the tensile specimens should be cut at tt^e specified location and in the correct direction, and processed into regulation cross section and shapes. Thermal effect and processing hardening effect should be avoided during the machining process and the processing precision should be improved as high as possible.