淀山湖沉水植物恢复重建对底栖动物的影响

Effects of Recovery and Reestablishment of Submerged Macrophytes on Macrobenthos in Lake Dianshan

2009年8月至2010年6月,对上海市淀山湖318国道近岸水域生态带围隔内外的底栖动物群落结构和多样性进行了周年调查.6个站点共采集到底栖动物25种,隶属于3门7纲8目14科,其中围隔内23种,围隔外15种.围隔内外底栖动物年平均密度分别是73.54,91.82 ind/m2,年平均生物量分别为93.71,54.23 g/m2.采用多样性指数对水质进行综合评价,结果显示围隔内水质好于围隔外,属中营养型污染状态.对围隔内外的理化因子与底栖动物群落特征之间进行相关性分析,发现围隔内外对底栖动物群落结构具显著影响的环境因子分别是总磷(TP)、悬浮物(SS).经恢复工程治理后,底栖动物的群落结构有了明显变化,多样性指数有了提高.底栖动物与沉水植物的相关性分析显示,沉水植物生物量与底栖动物生物量呈显著正相关.

The community structure and biodiversity of macrobenthos were investigated in ecological zone along shore 318 Road of Lake Dianshan of Shanghai from August 2009 to June 2010.25 species from 14 families,8 orders,7 classes and 3 phyla were recorded among the 6 sampling sites of which 23 species were in the enclosures and 15 species were in the adjacent sampling sites.The average density of macrobenthos were 73.54ind/m2,91.82ind/m2 and the average biomass of macrobenthos were 93.71g/m2,54.23g/m2 in the enclosures and the adjacent sampling sites.Water quality was assessed by using bio-diversity index.These analyses indicated that water quality of the enclosures was mesotrophic and water quality is better in enclosures than those in the adjacent sampling sites.Correlation analysis was employed to identify the relationship between community structure of macrobenthos and environmental factors of in the enclosures and the adjacent sampling sites.It was proved that total phosphorus（TP）,suspended solids（SS） were significant factors influencing community structure of macrobenthos.Community structure of macrobenthos had a significant change and biodiversity index of macrobenthos had increased significantly after the reestablishment of submerged macriphytes.It was found that there was a significant positive correlation between biomass of submerged macrophytes and biomass of macrobenthos.