目标设定:促进糖尿病患者行为改变的方法

Goal Setting: a Strategy for Behavior Change of Patients with Diabetes

目标设定是将患者的自我管理和行为改变意图转换为目标的过程,是一种常见的、行之有效的行为干预策略。本文介绍了目标的种类、目标设定的原则、方法及利用目标设定的方法进行糖尿病教育的效果,分析了目标设定在实际应用中存在的问题,为以后更好地利用目标设定的方法进行糖尿病教育,从而达到改变患者行为的目的提供了理论依据。

Goal setting, a procedure for translating patients＇ self-management and behavior change intentions into goals, is a common behavioral intervention and contributes to behavior change. This paper is to introduce the kind of goals, the principle and procedure of goal setting and the effects of goal setting used in diabetes education program. The results show that although goal setting is an effective strategy for behavior change, it is not a routine part of clinical care. Three factors contribute to the problem. First, patient education materials are not usualy designed to facilitate goal setting. Second, health workers are not trained to help patients create goals. Third, health workers lack time. To help patients set and achieve behavioral goals, the corresponding curriculum should be developed and health workers should be trained.