矮牵牛雄性不育性状的遗传分析初探

Inheritance of male sterility in Petunia hybrida Vilm.

【目的】初步探索矮牵牛雄性不育性状的遗传规律,选育雄性不育两用系。【方法】从矮牵牛328自然群体后代中发现并选择不育株,以不育株(08A328)为母本,以7份不同来源的材料为父本进行杂交,杂交后代(F1)自交获得F2,选择F2分离出的不育株与F1回交,同时对F2不育株进行人工自交结实率试验和花粉生活力测定。在F2中优选不育株与经济性状优良的父本进行回交转育,转育后代自交,子代兄妹交,筛选可育株与不育株数量按1∶1分离的株系。【结果】F1后代全可育,F2后代可育株与不育株数量按15∶1分离,回交后代可育株与不育株数量按3∶1分离。不育株花药干瘪微黄,花粉无活力,自交不结实。回交转育后代均可育,自交后可育株与不育株数量按15∶1分离。经兄妹交筛选,初步育成矮牵牛雄性不育"两用系",其基因型为ms1ms1ms2ms2、MS1ms1ms2ms2或ms1ms1MS2ms2。【结论】该矮牵牛雄性不育性由2对隐性等位核基因控制,不育株率稳定在50%,不育度高。

【Objective】 The study was conducted to find the inheritance of male sterility in Petunia hybrida Vilm.and obtain male sterility A/B lines.【Method】 Sterile plants were found and chosen from the 328 natural group in P.hybrida Vilm..Crossing with 7 male parents from different colors and sources,sterile（08A328） was used as female parent F1 hybrids selfing.And the chosen sterile in F2 back crossed.Meanwhile,another staining and testing of self-fruitful ratio of sterile（F2） were carried out.The selected F2 sterile back crossed with high quality male parents.The progeny selfing,and then a sibmating in the self progeny were implemented.【Result】 F1：All fertile.F2：15∶1 isolated,Fertile to sterile.Backcross progeny：isolated for 3∶1.A lack of viability in the pollen and light yellowed and withered anthers were showed in sterile plants.The backcross（high quality male parents） progeny was all fertile.Fertile to sterile demonstrated a isolation of 15∶1 after the backcross progeny selfing.Male sterility A/B lines preliminary formed and the genotypes were：ms1ms1ms2ms2,MS1ms1ms2ms2 or ms1ms1MS2ms2.【Conclusion】 The male sterility maintained high and stable（50%） and it was determined by 2 recessive nuclear alleles in P.hybrida Vilm..