基于排放绩效的燃煤电厂碳税优化模型

Optimization Models for Carbon Tax of Coal-fired Power Plants Based on Emission Performance

对燃煤电厂征收碳税是一种有效实现减排目标的经济手段,但势必会增加电厂生产成本,导致电价上涨,损害社会整体利益。通过建立燃煤电厂碳税二级优化模型,第一级优化模型将燃煤电厂利润最大化作为目标函数,考虑到负荷、机组出力和碳排放等约束条件;第二级优化模型将社会福利最大化作为目标函数,以第一级模型的KKT条件作为约束,对燃煤电厂引入排放绩效,按照总量控制原则分配碳排放指标。算例分析表明,对燃煤电厂征收碳税以及实行排放绩效约束,可以促进节能减排;非线性优化互补求解方法的使用,能够有效处理多目标问题,计算结果准确有效。

Carbon tax collection from coal-fired power plants is an effective economic means to achieve emission reduction targets,but that would be bound to increase the production cost,leading to electricity pricing rise and damaging the interests of the whole society.A two-stage optimization model for carbon tax of coal-fired power plants was established in this paper.In the first stage model,maximums of the coal-fired power plants′ profits were conducted as the objective functions with constraints in load,unit output and emission.In the second stage model,maximums of the social welfare were conducted as the objective function,with the KKT conditions of the first stage model as a constraint.Emission performance method was used to distribute the carbon emission targets of coal-fired power plants in accordance with the principles of total amount control.A numerical example showed that the implementation of carbon tax and emission performance constraints on coal-fired power plants could exert an effect on energy saving and emission reducing;nonlinear complementary optimization method could effectively deal with multi-objective problem and get the accurate results.