唐宋变革视野下的进士同年关系与党争——立足于苏轼与章惇关系考述

A Study of the Relationship between Su Shi and Zhang Dun

作为北宋后期两大对立阵营的领袖人物,苏轼与章惇的关系比较复杂,二人同年考中进士,早年交往密切,一度结为至交,后来随着变法派与反变法派之间的矛盾不断激化,苏轼与章惇也由交善走向交恶,昔日的同年挚友变为政坛仇雠。导致苏、章关系恶化的原因不在于个人品德操行的好坏,而主要系于他们政治立场的异同及"党同伐异"的政治环境。

As the leaders of the two opposed camps in the late Northern Song Dynasty,the relationship between Su Shi and Zhang Dun is quite complicated.They passed the highest imperial examinations in the same year.They had close contact with each other in their early years and were intimate friends for a period of time.Later,as the contradictions between the reformers and the anti-reformers were intensifying,the relations between Su Shi and Zhang Dun began to deteriorate.They grew to hate each other,and the past intimate friends turned into political enemies.It was not their morality but their political stand and the political environment where people were narrowly partisan that led to the deterioration of their relations.