硫氧还蛋白的结构及在生物抗氧化中的功能

The structure of thioredoxin and its role in the biological resistance of oxidation stress

硫氧还蛋白(thioredoxin,Trx)是广泛存在于原核与真核生物体内的氧化还原调节蛋白。Trx通过对目标蛋白质进行还原,从而调节机体的氧化还原平衡。Trx与硫氧还蛋白还原酶(thioredoxin reductase,TrxR)及NADPH共同组成硫氧还蛋白系统参与众多生理过程。细胞中的活性氧是导致生物氧化胁迫的一个主要方面。Trx可以通过对细胞内被氧化的二硫键的还原来修复机体的氧化损伤,并通过这种方式防止机体衰老。同时,Trx系统可以与其它氧化还原系统如谷胱甘肽(GSH)系统协调配合,并消除体内过多的活性氧。

Thioredoxin is a ubiquitous redox-regulatory protein present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.Thioredoxin reduces target protein and therefore regulates redox balance in organism.Thioredoxin,thioredoxin reductase and NADPH together constitute the Trx system and play a role in numerous physiological processes.Reactive oxygen species in cell is a major aspect leading to biological oxidative stress.Thioredoxin cures organisms in oxidative damage by reducing oxidated disulfide bonds in cell and also prevents body aging in this way.Meanwhile,Trx redox system coordinates with other redox systems such as Grx system,and eliminates excessive reactive oxygen species in vivo.