空巢老年人生活满意度及影响因素分析

Life satisfaction and its determinants in empty-nest elderly

目的了解空巢老年人生活满意度现状及影响因素。方法采用整群抽样法在安徽省全椒县抽取1街道和1行政村实足年龄≥60岁2 212人,其中空巢老年人412人,选用标准化的生活质量相关量表和社会人口特征调查问卷进行入户调查。结果空巢老年人生活不满意率占43.7%,不满意率高于非空巢老年人的32.9%,差异有统计学意义;空巢老年人生活满意度差异与年龄、居住地、参加娱乐活动等因素有关;Logistic回归分析结果显示,营养初筛等级、子女孝顺情况、孤独总分、社会支持主观支持分、个人年收入是生活满意度的影响因素。结论空巢老年人存在严重的生活不满意状况,社会、家庭和子女必须重视和加强对空巢老年人的关心和照顾。

Objective To describe the life satisfaction among the elderly in empty-nest family in rural village and to examine its influencing factors.Methods With cluster sampling method,a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2 212 old people≥60 years（412 elderly in empty-nest family） from one rural village and one urban commumity using standardized health-related quality of life（QOL） questionnaire and a socio-demographic information form.Results The unsatisfactory rate for life among the empty-nest elderly was 43.7% and that of non-empty-nest elderly was 32.9% with significant difference.The life satisfaction among the empty-nest elderly was related to age,residential place,and entertainment.The results of binary variable analyses indicated that nutrition,subjective availability of social support,loneliness,filial piety,and income were determinants of life satisfaction.Conclusion The unsatisfactory rate for life are high among the empty-nest elderly in Shanghai city.Society and family members should pay more attention to the empty-nest elderly.