黑龙江省农村居民生活质量人口学特征分析

Demographic characteristics and life quality in peasants of Heilongjiang province

目的了解黑龙江省农民生活质量及不同人口统计变量生活质量的差异。方法采用自编中国农民生活质量问卷对黑龙江省2 300名农民进行问卷调查。结果汉族农民生活水平、精神生活满意度得分(3.73±0.62)、(3.55±0.57),高于少数民族农民(2.81±0.38)、(2.80±0.75),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);有宗教信仰农民精神生活质量、精神生活满意度及文化娱乐得分(3.75±0.45)、(3.79±0.62)、(3.38±0.71),高于无宗教信仰农民(3.55±0.46)、(3.50±0.56)、(3.07±0.77),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);未婚、已婚农民文化娱乐得分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=3.392,P<0.05);不同文化程度农民精神生活质量、文化娱乐得分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=4.138、3.435,P<0.01);在村、两栖农民总体生活质量、社会生活质量得分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=3.971、4.350,P<0.05);在村、不在村农民物质生活质量、物质生活满意度得分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=3.404、3.101,P<0.05);在村农民与其他类型农民生活水平、社会环境及社会安全得分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=5.679、3.061、4.727,P<0.01)。结论黑龙江省农民生活质量总体水平较高;不同人口学特征农民生活质量存在差异。

Objective To understand the life quality in peasants with different demographic characteristics in Heilongjiang province.Methods Totally 2 300 peasants were investigated with a self-designed ＂Questionnaire of Life Quality for Chinese Peasants＂ to collect the information on life quality of the peasants with different demographic charateristics.Results There were significant differences in standard of living and degree of satisfaction to the spiritual life between the peasants of the Han nationality and other nationalities（3.73±0.62 vs 2.81±0.38 and 3.55±0.57 vs 2.80±0.75,P0.01 for all）.There were significant differences in spiritual life quality,degree of satisfaction to spiritual life and cultural entertainment between the peasants with and without religious belief（3.75±0.45 vs 3.55±0.46,3.79±0.62 vs 3.50±0.56,3.38±0.71 vs 3.07±0.77;P0.05 for all）.There was a significant difference in cultural entertainment between the unmarried and married peasants（F=3.392,P0.05）.There were significant differences in spiritual life quality and cultural entertainment between the peasants with junior college or above and other education level（F=4.138,3.435;P0.01 for all）.There were differences in the general life quality and social life quality between in-village and floating peasants（F=3.971,4.350;P0.05 for all）.There were differences in material life quality and satisfaction to material life between in-village and not-in-village peasants（F=3.404,3.101;P0.05 for all）.There were significant differences in standard of living,social environment,and social safety between in-village peasants and other peasants（F=5.679,3.061,and 4.727;P0.01 for all）.Conclusion The general life quality of the peasants in Heilongjiang province is higher and there are differences in the life quality and its dimensions among the peasants with different demographic characteristics.