摘要
问题表征指特定情景或问题被理解和表达的方式。隐喻既是认知工具,也是问题表征的手段,不仅影响认知过程,也影响政策结果。通过对《毛泽东外交文选》文本的分析,可以了解毛泽东在认知过程使用隐喻的特点。毛泽东的认知过程中具有显著的"认知一致性"和"认知框框"的特点。他使用的隐喻在政策制定的初期影响其对问题的表征和对形势框定;在确立政策阶段具有指导行动或问题解决功能;在政策制定后期具有说明政策的公共性功能。隐喻运用方式的消极影响表明,在对认知过程进行研究的时应将社会和文化因素纳入其中。
Problem representation refers to how a certain situation and problem is understood and presented.A metaphor is both a cognitive tool and a method of problem representation,which affects both cognitive processes and policy outcomes.Through content analysis of the articles in Mao on Diplomacy,characteristics of Mao Zedong's use of metaphors in his cognitive processes can be understood.Mao's cognitive process is characterized as consistent and strictly framed in a set pattern.His use of metaphors in the preliminary stages of policy making affected his way of problem representation and situations framing.In the stage of establishing policy it functioned as guideline for action or problem solving.In the later stages of policy making,it had a function of explaining the publicity of policy.The negative impact of using metaphors implies that when studying cognitive processes,social and culture factors should be integrated.
出处
《国际政治研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第2期81-100,0+2,共20页
The Journal of International Studies
