当代国际竞争与美国教育优先政策探究

On the Contemporary International Competition and the Education Priority Policy of the United States

二战后,美国在经济、军事和教育等领域经历了一系列来自国际竞争的挑战。美国政府应对的重要措施之一就是促进教育优先发展,具体表现为:把教育跟巩固国防紧密相联,规定教育优先领域,不断提高教育经费投入比例,以及通过法令推进教育优先政策等。美国的做法至少有以下三点值得借鉴:其一,顺应时势,面对挑战,规定优先项。其二,不同时期,变化优先项。其三,通过立法,增拨经费,资助优先项。

The United States had experienced a series of challenges from international competition in economic,military and education fields since World War II.One of the important measures of the US government was promoting the development of educational priorities,which was specifically performed as follows：linking education closely with the consolidation of national defense,prescribing the priority areas of education,and continuously improving the proportion of education funding,as well as promoting education priority policies through legislations.America＇s countermeasures are meaningful in at least three aspects.First,it made its priorities according to the challenges of different periods.Second,it changed its priorities with diffe-rent periods.Third,it implemented the priorities through the increase of the education fund with legislations.