细胞凋亡过程中核碎裂形成的方式及其意义

Forms of nuclear fragmentation and its meanings in apoptosis

目的：观察抗癌药物诱导的肿瘤细胞凋亡中核碎裂的形式并探讨其意义。方法：用光镜和电镜观察人食管癌Ｅｃａ１０９细胞经顺铂（ＤＤＰ）和５氟尿嘧啶（５Ｆｕ）处理后的形态学改变。结果：肿瘤细胞的死亡特征符合凋亡，这两种抗癌药物引起的细胞后期的改变（如核碎裂、细胞出芽、凋亡小体形成以及凋亡小体被吞噬）相同，然而细胞核的早期改变有所不同。ＤＤＰ处理后核染色质呈粗网状、出芽，而５Ｆｕ处理后核染色质呈粗块状聚集于核膜下、核膜崩解。结论：细胞凋亡过程中核碎裂可通过多种途径发生，这对于机体可能具有重要的生理学意义。

Purpose To observe the forms of nuclear fragmentation in apoptosis induced by antitumor drugs and explore its meanings. Methods Morphological changes of human esophageal carcinoma Eca109 cells after treated with cisplatin (DDP) and 5fluorouracil (5Fu) were observed by light and electron microscopes. Results The features of tumor cell death corresponded to apoptosis. The late changes induced by the two antitumor drugs, such as nuclear fragmentation, budding, the formation of apoptotic bodies and further being phagocytosed, were same, however the early nuclear changes were different. After tumor cells were treated with DDP, the chromatin became rough netlike, budding, while after treated with 5Fu, chromatin collected under the nuclear membrane in rough cakes and then the nuclear membrane ruptured. HZConclusion Apoptotic nuclear fragmentation may occured through multiple pathways. It may have important physiological meanings.