效率视角下的农村土地制度变迁及“十二五”改革建议

Institutional Change of Rural Land System and Suggestions for the Twelfth Five-year Plan from the Perspective of Efficiency

农村土地问题的关键是效率问题。要提高土地效率,主要是要发挥好土地的要素功能。建国以来,我国农村土地制度的四次变迁表明,发挥好土地要素功能的有效做法是要进一步明晰土地的产权。应当从立法上进一步明晰土地产权;积极培育土地流转市场;体现农民在土地制度创新中的主体地位;加快发展面向农民的社会保障制度。

The key problem of the rural land is efficiency.The key to improving the efficiency of the rural land is to make good use of its element function.The result of four institutional changes of the rural land system since the establishment of China suggest that the best way to improve efficiency is to clarify its property rights.In view of the above problem,the article puts forward four suggestions： clarification of land property rights on the basis of the legislation;active creation of the land trading market,guarantee of farmers＇ dominant role in the innovation of rural land,and fast development of the social security system for farmers.