语言测试的理论沿革与实践探索

Theoretical Review and Practical Prospects of Language Testing

语言测试体系的发展经历了前科学、心理测量—结构主义、心理语言学—社会语言学、交际语言测试四个阶段。建立在巴克曼的新交际语言能力模型上的交际语言测试被认为是语言测试的理想方式。简要回顾了语言测试体系的历史演变,并从交际语言测试理论模式的主要特征出发,在总结测试体系优缺点的基础上,分析了其在我国实施推广的两大问题,在对解决途径的探索过程中揭示了我国语言测试的未来趋势。

Language testing has evolved through four theoretical phases： pre-scientific testing,psychometric-structuralist testing,psycholinguistic-sociolinguistic testing and communicative language testing.Communicative language testing based on the new communicative language ability model proposed by Bachman is considered the ideal method of language testing.This paper briefly reviews the historical evolution of language testing,further analyses the two problems of implementation in our country in the light of the merits and the demerits of communicative language testing concluded from its main features,and finally indicates its development trend in our country in the process of probing into the solutions.