微波辐射合成纳米Ni粉及其催化性能研究

The Microwave Synthesis of Nickel Nanocrystals and their Catalytic Properties

采用微波协助加热的联氨还原工艺快速合成了纳米Ni粉,并利用X-射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、比表面仪(BET)等测试方法对其结构、形貌和比表面积进行了表征,并用差热分析法(DTA)研究了纳米Ni粉对高氯酸铵(AP)热分解的催化效果。结果表明,微波合成工艺法不仅速度快、反应条件简单、重现性好,而且所得的纳米Ni粉结晶好、分散性好,比表面积大。当其质量分数5%时,可使AP的高温分解峰温度降低了99.25°C,表观分解热增加了960 J/g,表现出对AP热分解具有显著的催化性能,明显优于传统水浴加热法所制得的纳米Ni粉催化剂。

Nickel nanocrystals are prepared by microwave-assisted heating hydrazine reduction in ethylene glycol.The obtained products are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction（XRD）,transmission electron microscopy（TEM）,and Brunnauer-Emmet-Teller（BET）.It is found that nickel nanocrystals are spherical with average diameter of 100 nm.The BET surface areas of nickel are 88.78 m2/g.Moreover,their catalytic activities for the thermal decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate（AP） are measured by differential thermal analysis（DTA）.Compared with the catalysts prepared by traditional water-bath heating,nickel nanocrystals prepared by microwave-assited heating show more obvious catalytic performance.